Ribociclib (Kisqali®)

Ribociclib is given as tablets, so you can take it at home.

You take ribociclib with a hormonal therapy drug. Ribociclib works with the hormonal therapy drug to slow the cancer growing and spreading.

During treatment you usually see a cancer doctor, a cancer nurse or specialist nurse, and a specialist pharmacist. This is who we mean when we mention doctor, nurse or pharmacist in this information.

You have your blood checked regularly during treatment. Your doctor or nurse will tell you when your blood will be checked. A nurse or person trained to take blood (phlebotomist) will take a blood sample from you. This is to check that your blood cells are at a safe level to have treatment.

You take ribociclib every day for 21 days. You then have a break of 7 days when you do not take any ribociclib. After this, you start taking it again in the same way. You carry on taking it in this way for as long as it is working for you and any side effects can be managed. 

Take the tablets at the same time each day with or without food. Swallow them whole with a large glass of water. Do not crush or dissolve tablets. If you find it difficult to swallow your tablets, speak to your doctor or pharmacist.

Always take ribociclib and the hormonal therapy drug exactly as your nurse or pharmacist explains. This is important to make sure the treatment works as well as possible for you. 

Never take a double dose of ribociclib. If you forget to take your tablets, do not take another dose. Take the next dose at the usual time.

Other things to remember about your tablets:

• After taking your tablets, wash your hands.
• Keep the tablets in the original package and at room temperature, away from heat or direct sunlight.
• Keep your tablets safe and out of sight and reach of children.
• If you are sick just after taking the tablets, contact the hospital. Do not take another dose.
• Do not eat grapefruit or drink grapefruit juice at any time during your treatment. Grapefruit may affect how ribociclib works in the body.
• If your treatment is stopped, return any unused tablets to the pharmacist.

This treatment can reduce the number of white blood cells in your blood. These cells fight infection. If the number of white blood cells is low, you are more likely to get an infection. A low white blood cell count is sometimes called neutropenia.

An infection can be very serious when the number of white blood cells is low. It is important to get any infection treated as soon as possible. Contact the hospital straight away on the 24-hour contact number you have been given if:

• your temperature goes over 37.5°C (99.5°F) 
• you suddenly feel unwell, even with a normal temperature
• you have symptoms of an infection
• your temperature goes below 36°C (96.8°F). 

Symptoms of an infection include:

• feeling shivery and shaking
• a sore throat
• a cough 
• breathlessness
• diarrhoea
• needing to pass urine (pee) a lot, or discomfort when you pass urine.

It is important to follow any specific advice your cancer treatment team gives you.

The number of white blood cells will usually return to normal before your next treatment. You will have a blood test before having more treatment. If your white blood cell count is low, your doctor may delay your treatment for a short time, until your cell count increases. Sometimes your doctor may lower the dose of your treatment.

This treatment can reduce the number of red blood cells in your blood. Red blood cells carry oxygen around the body. If the number of red blood cells is low, this is called anaemia. You may feel:

• very low in energy
• breathless 
• dizzy and light-headed. 

If you have these symptoms, contact the hospital straight away on the 24-hour number. You may need treatment for anaemia. If you are very anaemic, you may need a drip to give you extra red blood cells. This is called a blood transfusion.

Feeling tired is a common side effect. Try to pace yourself and plan your day so you have time to rest between activities.

Being physically active can help to manage tiredness and give you more energy. It also:

• helps you sleep better
• reduces stress
• improves your bone health.

If you feel sleepy, do not drive or operate machinery.

Your doctor can prescribe anti-sickness drugs to prevent or control sickness during your treatment. If you feel sick or are sick (vomit), tell your nurse or doctor. They may change the anti-sickness drug to one that works better for you.

This treatment may cause diarrhoea. Diarrhoea means passing more stools (poo) than is normal for you, or having watery or loose stools. You may also have stomach cramps. If you have a stoma, it may be more active than usual. 

If you are passing loose stools 3 or more times a day and this is not normal for you, contact the hospital as soon as possible on the 24-hour number. Follow the advice they give you about:

• taking anti-diarrhoea medicines 
• drinking enough fluids to keep you hydrated and to replace lost salts and minerals
• any changes to your diet that might help. 

They might also ask you for a specimen of your stool to check for infection.

This treatment can cause constipation. Constipation means that you are not able to pass stools (poo) as often as you normally do. It can become difficult or painful. Here are some tips that may help:

• Drink at least 2 litres (3½ pints) of fluids each day.
• Eat high-fibre foods, such as fruit, vegetables and wholemeal bread.
• Do regular gentle exercise, like going for short walks.

If you have constipation, contact the hospital on the 24-hour number for advice. They can give you drugs called laxatives to help. 

If you have not been able to pass stools for over 2 days and are being sick, contact the 24-hour number straight away. 

You may lose your appetite when taking ribociclib. Or you may notice changes in how food tastes. You can ask to see a dietitian or specialist nurse at your hospital if this does not improve. They can give you advice on improving your appetite and coping with taste changes.

This treatment may cause a sore mouth and throat. You may also get mouth ulcers. This can make you more likely to get a mouth or throat infection. Use a soft toothbrush to clean your teeth or dentures in the morning, at night and after meals.

If your mouth or throat is sore:

• tell your nurse or doctor – they can give you a mouthwash or medicines to help
• try to drink plenty of fluids
• avoid alcohol, tobacco, and foods that irritate your mouth and throat.

This treatment may cause headaches. If you have headaches, tell your doctor, nurse or pharmacist. They can give you advice about painkillers that may help. Tell them if the headache does not get better, or gets worse.

Some people have back pain while having treatment with ribociclib. Your doctor will prescribe painkillers if this is a problem for you. Tell your doctor if these do not work. They can give you a different painkiller to try.

While you are having this treatment, your hair may become thinner, drier and more brittle. This is usually mild. If you are worried about this, ask your nurse for advice on hair care.

This treatment may make your skin:

• become red
• turn lighter or darker 
• feel dry. 

It can cause a rash, which may be itchy. Always tell your doctor or nurse about any skin changes. They can give you advice and may prescribe creams or medicines to help.

Rarely, a much more serious skin condition can develop. You may have a skin rash which then blisters, and your skin can peel. You may also feel unwell with flu-like symptoms such as a high temperature and joint pain. If you have any of these symptoms, contact your doctor or hospital immediately.

Sometimes fluid can build up in your legs and ankles and can cause swelling. This is called oedema. Always tell your doctor if you notice any swelling in your legs or arms. Your doctor may give you drugs to help reduce the swelling.

Ribociclib tablets contain soya lecithin. If you are allergic to soya or peanuts, do not take this medication. Talk to your doctor about this.

Cancer and some cancer treatments can increase the risk of a blood clot. Contact the hospital straight away on the 24-hour number if you have any of these symptoms during or after treatment:

• throbbing pain or swelling in a leg or arm
• reddening of the skin in the area – if you have black or brown skin, this can be harder to notice, but the skin might become darker
• suddenly feeling breathless or coughing.

Always call 999 if you have:

• chest pain
• difficulty breathing.

A blood clot is serious, but it can be treated with drugs called anticoagulants. These thin the blood. Your doctor, nurse or pharmacist can give you more information about preventing and treating blood clots.

Doctors usually recommend that people with cancer have vaccinations for flu and for coronavirus (covid). These help reduce your risk of serious illness from these infections. Most people can have these vaccines, including people with weak immune systems.

If your immune system is weak, you should not have live vaccinations. Live vaccines can make you unwell because they contain a very weak version of the illness they will protect you against. Live vaccines include Zostavax^®, which is a shingles vaccine, and the yellow fever vaccine.

It is important to ask your doctor, nurse or pharmacist for advice about having vaccinations. They can explain what vaccines are right for you and when it is best to have them.

Some medicines can affect how this treatment works or be harmful while you are having it. Always tell your cancer doctor, nurse or pharmacist about any drugs you are taking or planning to take, such as: 

• medicines you have been prescribed
• medicines you buy in a shop, pharmacy or online
• vitamins or supplements 
• herbal drugs and complementary or homeopathic therapies
• recreational drugs – for example, cannabis.

Your doctor, nurse or pharmacist will advise you not to get pregnant or make someone pregnant while having this treatment and for some time afterwards. The drugs may harm a developing baby. It is important to use contraception to prevent pregnancy. Follow their advice about:

• what types of contraception to use 
• how long after treatment you should continue to use contraception. 

You are advised not to breastfeed while having this treatment, or for some time after treatment ends. This is because the drugs could be passed to the baby through breast milk. 

Your doctor, nurse or pharmacist can give you more information.

Some cancer drugs can affect whether you can get pregnant or make someone pregnant. If you are worried about this, it is important to talk with your doctor before you start treatment.

If you need medical treatment for any reason other than cancer, always tell the healthcare professional that you are having cancer treatment. Give them the contact details for your cancer doctor or cancer team so they can ask for advice.

If you have appointments with a dentist, always tell them you are having cancer treatment. Talk to your cancer team before you have any dental treatment.