Causes and risk factors of bile duct cancer
The causes of most bile duct cancers are unknown. But there are some factors that can increase your risk of developing it.
What are risk factors?
Bile duct cancer is rare. It is not usually clear what has caused bile duct cancer, but there are certain things that can increase the risk of developing it. These are called risk factors. Having a risk factor does not mean you will get cancer. And not having a risk factor does not mean that you will not get it.
Related pages
If you are worried about bile duct cancer and would like to talk to someone, we're here. You can:
- Call the Macmillan Support Line on 0808 808 00 00.
- Chat to our specialists online.
Age
Although younger people can get bile duct cancer, it is most common in people over the age of 65.
Inflammation or irritation in the bile ducts
Long-term inflammation or irritation of the bile ducts can increase the risk of bile duct cancer developing. Things that can cause inflammation or irritation include the following:
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Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC)
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Bile duct cysts (choledochal cysts)
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Bile duct stones
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Liver fluke infection
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Scarring of the liver (cirrhosis)
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A radioactive dye called Thorotrast
Inherited conditions that increase the risk of bile duct cancer
Some faulty genes that are passed on in families (inherited) can cause conditions which increase the risk of bile duct cancer. These include:
- Lynch syndrome – this also increases the risk of bowel cancer and womb cancer
- BRCA1 gene – this also increases the risk of breast cancer
- cystic fibrosis – this can affect the lungs and digestive system.
Date reviewed
This content is currently being reviewed. New information will be coming soon.
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