Tube feeding through a vein (parenteral nutrition)

PN is usually given through a thin tube which is inserted into a large vein in your neck or chest. The tube is called a central line. Sometimes you have it through a thin tube in your arm that goes up into a vein in your chest. This is called a PICC line (peripherally inserted central catheter).

Sometimes, a vein in the arm is used, but this is less common. This is like having an ordinary drip. It may be used if you only need feeding for a short time, usually less than 10 days. It is also only possible if the amount of fluid you can have is not restricted. This is because PN needs to be more diluted if an arm vein is used. The doctors will decide the best type of feeding for you.

PN is usually started slowly. Your feed will be reduced over a few days when you no longer need it.

It is possible for an infection to develop either inside the line or around the exit site. You should tell your doctor if:

• the exit site becomes red or swollen
• you notice fluid coming from the exit site
• you develop a high temperature (fever) or feel unwell.

You may be given antibiotics. If the infection is serious, the tube may have to be removed.

It is possible for a blood clot (thrombosis) to form in your vein at the tip of the central line. If this happens, the tube may have to be removed. You may be given anti-clotting medicines to stop this from happening. The medicines are usually added to the feed.

You will have regular blood tests while having PN. This is to check that your levels of sugar, minerals and other substances are normal. PN can sometimes change your blood sugar levels. You may need insulin to control your blood sugar levels if they are too high. Your feed will be specially prepared for you each day according to your blood sugar levels and nutritional needs.